![]() It uses the system() function to execute commands that are being passed through ‘cmd’ HTTP request GET parameter. Note: The backtick character (`) should not to be confused with the single quote character (‘) $output" īased on the above, the following is a PHP web shell in its simplest form. Surprisingly, not many PHP developers are aware of this but PHP will execute the contents of backticks (`) as a shell command. By using proc_open(), we can create a handler (process) that will be used for communication between our script and the program that we want to run. The proc_open() function can be difficult to understand (you can find a detailed description of the function in the PHP docs). rw-rw-r- 1 secuser secuser 29 Feb 28 18:23 shell.php proc_open() ĭrwxrwxr-x 2 secuser secuser 4096 Feb 28 18:23. The passthru() function executes a command and returns output in raw format. rw-rw-r- 1 secuser secuser 36 Feb 28 18:24 shell.php The shell_exec() function is similar to exec(), however, it outputs the entire result as a string. => -rw-rw-r- 1 secuser secuser 49 Feb 27 20:54 shell.php ) shell_exec() ![]() => drwxrwxr-x 2 secuser secuser 4096 Feb 27 20:55. If a second parameter is specified, the result is returned in an array. > -rw-rw-r- 1 secuser secuser 29 Feb 27 20:49 shell.php ![]() Using echo with the exec() function will only print the last line of the command output. Otherwise, only the last line of the result will be shown if echoed. If a second optional parameter is specified, the result will be returned as an array. The exec() function accepts a command as a parameter but does not output the result. rw-rw-r- 1 secuser secuser 26 Feb 27 20:41 shell.php ĭrwxrwxr-x 2 secuser secuser 4096 Feb 27 20:43. Įxecuting the ls command on a Linux machine achieves a similar result. The following example on a Microsoft Windows machine will run the dir command to return a directory listing of the directory in which the PHP file is executed. The system() function accepts the command as a parameter and it outputs the result. Note: For the purposes of this article, we edited our hosts file and pointed the domain to a test server.
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